LLM Roofline
Qwen3 · Apache-2.0 · HF: Qwen/Qwen3-14B

Qwen3 14B — VRAM, KV Cache & Hardware Matrix

Serverless API Rate
$0.12 in / $0.24 out per 1M
Parameters
14.8B Dense
Attention
GQA (8 KV / 40 Q)
Layers × Hidden
40 × 5120
Max Native Context
40k tokens
MoE Experts
N/A (Dense)

Quantization Memory Footprint

Quantization BPW Weights Only Total @ 8k Ctx Total @ 32k Ctx Quality
FP16 16.00 28.12 GiB 30.82 GiB 34.57 GiB Lossless Reference
Q8_0 8.50 14.94 GiB 17.64 GiB 21.39 GiB Near-Lossless
Q6_K 6.57 11.55 GiB 14.25 GiB 18.00 GiB High Precision
Q5_K_M 5.69 10.00 GiB 12.70 GiB 16.45 GiB Balanced High
Q4_K_M 4.85 8.52 GiB 11.23 GiB 14.98 GiB Recommended 4-bit
MLX_4BIT 4.50 7.91 GiB 10.61 GiB 14.36 GiB Apple Silicon Optimized
IQ4_XS 4.25 7.47 GiB 10.17 GiB 13.92 GiB Compact 4-bit
Q3_K_M 3.91 6.87 GiB 9.57 GiB 13.32 GiB Aggressive Compression

Hardware Compatibility & Speed Leaderboard (Q4_K_M @ 32k Context)

Hardware Status Total / Limit Decode TTFT (4k) Max Safe Ctx Inspect
Cloud NVIDIA H200 SXM (141 GB) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 140.4 GiB 277.7 tok/s 0.21s 40k Simulate →
Cloud NVIDIA H100 SXM (80 GB) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 79.4 GiB 193.8 tok/s 0.21s 40k Simulate →
Cloud NVIDIA A100 SXM (80 GB) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 79.4 GiB 115.1 tok/s 0.64s 40k Simulate →
NVIDIA RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell (96 GB) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 95.0 GiB 103.7 tok/s 0.79s 40k Simulate →
NVIDIA RTX 5090 (32 GB) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 31.0 GiB 101.2 tok/s 0.98s 40k Simulate →
NVIDIA RTX 4090 (24 GB) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 23.0 GiB 56.9 tok/s 1.23s 40k Simulate →
NVIDIA RTX 3090 (24 GB Used) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 23.0 GiB 51.6 tok/s 2.94s 40k Simulate →
AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX (24 GB) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 23.0 GiB 50.3 tok/s 2.04s 40k Simulate →
Cloud NVIDIA L40S (48 GB) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 47.4 GiB 48.8 tok/s 0.57s 40k Simulate →
Apple Mac Studio M3 Ultra (256 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 199.7 GiB 44.0 tok/s 3.84s 40k Simulate →
Apple Mac Studio M3 Ultra (512 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 399.4 GiB 44.0 tok/s 3.84s 40k Simulate →
2x NVIDIA RTX 3090 Rig (48 GB) COMFORTABLE 15.0 / 46.6 GiB 43.3 tok/s 3.62s 40k Simulate →
Apple Mac Studio M2 Ultra (192 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 149.8 GiB 43.0 tok/s 4.24s 40k Simulate →
Apple Mac Studio M4 Max (64 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 49.9 GiB 28.9 tok/s 5.84s 40k Simulate →
Apple Mac Studio M4 Max (128 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 99.8 GiB 28.9 tok/s 5.84s 40k Simulate →
Apple MacBook Pro M3 Max (64 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 49.9 GiB 20.9 tok/s 7.81s 40k Simulate →
Apple MacBook Pro M3 Max (128 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 99.8 GiB 20.9 tok/s 7.81s 40k Simulate →
Apple Mac Mini M4 Pro (48 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 37.4 GiB 13.9 tok/s 12.04s 40k Simulate →
Apple Mac Mini M4 Pro (64 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 49.9 GiB 13.9 tok/s 12.04s 40k Simulate →
Ryzen AI Max+ 395 Strix Halo (128 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 96.0 GiB 13.1 tok/s 4.35s 40k Simulate →
Ryzen AI Max+ 395 Strix Halo (64 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 48.0 GiB 13.1 tok/s 4.35s 40k Simulate →
Apple Mac Mini M4 (24 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 18.0 GiB 6.0 tok/s 26.64s 40k Simulate →
Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 Mini-PC (64 GB) COMFORTABLE 14.8 / 48.0 GiB 5.8 tok/s 12.41s 40k Simulate →
NVIDIA RTX 5080 (16 GB) TIGHT 15.0 / 15.0 GiB 54.2 tok/s 1.81s 32k Simulate →
NVIDIA RTX 5070 Ti (16 GB) TIGHT 15.0 / 15.0 GiB 50.6 tok/s 2.31s 32k Simulate →
NVIDIA RTX 5060 Ti (16 GB) TIGHT 15.0 / 15.0 GiB 24.7 tok/s 4.39s 32k Simulate →
NVIDIA RTX 3060 (12 GB) OOM 15.0 / 11.0 GiB OOM — 7k Simulate →
Apple Mac Mini M4 (16 GB) OOM 14.8 / 10.0 GiB OOM — 11k Simulate →

Interactive Qwen3 14B Simulator

14.8B Dense · GQA
1792 GB/s · 250 TFLOPS
3. Weight Quantization 4.85 bpw
4. KV Cache
32,768 tok
Compute Roofline
COMFORTABLE FIT Memory-Bandwidth Bound
Max Safe Ctx: 40k
Memory Allocation Footprint 14.98 / 95.00 GiB usable
Weights: 8.52 GiB KV Cache: 5.00 GiB Overhead: 1.45 GiB Headroom: 80.02 GiB
Decode Speed
103.7
tok/s (batch=1)
Prefill Speed
5435
prompt tok/s
TTFT Latency
0.79s
for 4,096 tok
Active Params
14.8B
of 14.8B total
llama.cpp Server Command
llama-server -hf Qwen/Qwen3-14B:Q4_K_M -ngl 99 -fa on -c 32768 --port 8080
Context KV Cache Total VRAM Decode Status
4k 0.63 GiB 10.25 GiB 153.2 tok/s COMFORTABLE
8k 1.25 GiB 11.23 GiB 143.4 tok/s COMFORTABLE
16k 2.50 GiB 12.48 GiB 127.2 tok/s COMFORTABLE
32k 5.00 GiB 14.98 GiB 103.7 tok/s COMFORTABLE

Buy-vs-Cloud-vs-API Monthly TCO Break-Even

USE SERVERLESS API
Own Hardware/mo
$163.64
42.8h active + power
Cloud GPU/mo
$90.95
@$1.85/hr spot/pod
Serverless API/mo
$9.60
API cheaper

Engineering FAQ — Qwen3 14B

How much VRAM does Qwen3 14B require in Q4_K_M?

Qwen3 14B weights occupy 8.52 GiB in Q4_K_M. Including 32k FP16 KV cache and runtime buffers, total memory is 14.98 GiB.

What is the cheapest local hardware that runs Qwen3 14B?

NVIDIA RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell (96 GB) (96 GB) runs Qwen3 14B Q4_K_M at ~103.7 tok/s decode and 0.79s TTFT.

How does Qwen3 14B scale KV cache at long context?

Qwen3 14B uses GQA with 8 KV heads across 40 layers (128 head_dim).